A slow growing conifer of the pine family, averages 5–15 metres (15–50 feet) tall with a trunk 15–50 centimetres (6–20 inches) diameter, The bark is thin, scaly, and greyish brown. The leaves are needle-like. Usually found in wet bog-like areas, Mikmaq people historically utilized the spruce gum and roots in canoe construction, and it is also widely used as a lumber.